Recommendations

International Conference “Terrorism & Security in Transportation” within the framework of the 7th International Forum “Security Technologies” Moscow, February 5-6, 2002

RECOMMENDATIONS

of the International practical-scientific conference

“Terrorism and Security in Transport”

(within the framework of the VII International forum “Security Technologies”)

Over 300 representatives of international organisations, national administrations, research and business, public organisations and media from 15 countries have participated at the international conference «Terrorism and security in transport» held in Moscow on February 5-6, 2002. They have stated that terrorism threat is being increasing recently in Russia, as in many other states of international community, and that its newly transnational character makes it a direct threat for international peace and security, as stated by the UN Security Council resolution n°1373 from September 28, 2001.

This threat makes it necessary for the whole international community to join its efforts by increasing the efficiency of all existing forms and ways of struggling against terrorism, and to take without delay steps to neutralise terrorism. To the evil such as terrorism of the 21^st century we should oppose countermeasures based on prevention of criminal acts of terrorist character.

Security issues in transport directly concern the whole functioning of international trade system. In fact any transport network failures may be assimilated to "blood clots" obstructing free movement of people, goods and services, and hindering sustainable development of world economy.

We should take comprehensive legal measures of both national and international scope in order to effectively prevent, reveal, suppress and investigate on terrorist acts, which threaten transport security in Russia and beyond its frontiers. This implies concluding and ratifying international treaties and enlarging on their basis the co-operation between concerned structures of different states charged with combating terrorist acts in transport.

The first international forum of the kind organised to treat the issues of terrorism and transport security has confirmed, that we should prevent terrorism and smuggling which is one of the main sources of financing the terrorism, on the basis of joint actions of the state and all its departments with the support of civil society, research and business institutions. We can only create an effective international transport security system by joining the efforts of many countries, by feedback of international experience of struggling against terrorism in transport.

Following the discussion, the participants at the conference demand the CIS interstate structures, the President of Russian Federation, the Federal Assembly of Russian Federation, the Russian Government, the representatives of scientific community, business circles and media, to examine the following propositions:

CIS interstate structures

1. In order to harmonise their respective national legislation, the interparliamentary Assembly of CIS Member States should prepare a package of legislative acts against terrorism and smuggling in transport, which will be recommended to the Member States as models for their domestic laws, including the law concerning air transport security.
2. A special session of CIS international conference against terrorism should be devoted to implementation of CIS Treaty on fighting against terrorism (Council of Heads of States, 04.06.99), of CIS interstate program of joint action against criminality for the period from 2000 to 2003 (Council of Heads of States, 23.01.00), as well as the issues of terrorism and security in transport taking into account the present recommendations. Transport security issues should be discussed with direct participation of Co-ordination transport meeting of CIS Member States and transport commissions branch by branch, as well as of CIS Interstate air transport committee and International Transport Academy.
3. Taking into account a growing role of international co-operation in combating terrorism and smuggling, as well as interaction of law-enforcement authorities and special services of Russia with their respective counterparts in other CIS Member States, particular attention should be paid to implementing the CIS Program for fighting against international terrorism and other extremist manifestations for the period till 2003 in its part concerning the creation of a database on international terrorist and other extremist organisations (including organised criminality), their leaders, other persons involved, regrouping data on current state, evolution and spreading of international terrorism and other extremist manifestations, as well as on persons providing support to international terrorist organisations. Propositions should be worked out on creation of a phonographic databank on persons involved in terrorist activity, as well as of data on persons liable to commit criminal acts of terrorist nature and smuggling. The Special List of goods transported between the CIS states should be revised so as to exclude from it the concentrate of natural uranium.
4. In order to intensify co-operation in fighting against terrorist acts on air transport facilities belonging to CIS member states, taking into account the CIS interstate agreement on co-operation in fighting against illegal interfering with civil air transport functioning and the standards recommended by ICAO, CIS Member States should charge the CIS Interstate air committee and the concerned CIS interstate structures to work out and to put into action on CIS territory the unitary air transport rules harmonised with the respective air transport rules of CIS member states. The procedure of air transport security certification and licensing should be introduced for organisations involved in airport activities.

President of Russian Federation

To examine the question of delimitation of national executive authorities competence in counteracting terrorism and of putting the by-law ordinances in conformity with Federal law on terrorism and Penal Code of Russian Federation.

Federal Assembly of Russian Federation

1. To accelerate examination of the law on crime prevention.
2. To prepare law drafts providing legislative base for reforms aiming at transport security, including following provisions:

• Responsibility of economic agents for non-application of measures against smuggling, as well as non-application of technical measures of ensuring security in transport as defined by the law;
• Compulsory insurance procedure for economic agents' responsibility for damage to third (physical or legal) persons caused during operation (on all types of transport);
• Budgeting procedure for arrangements supporting functional subsystems aiming at prevention of transport emergencies, in charge of appropriate departments.

3. To work out propositions for modifications and additions to Penal Code of Russian Federation in order to institute procedures for persons guilty of deliberate damage to main pipeline or its tap, as well as to associated technological equipment, communication, signalling and automation facilities, electrochemical protection against corrosion, having affected or being likely to affect normal pipeline operation or make the equipment unusable.
4. To attribute by legislative means a special legal status to sites occupied by transport companies and facilities. Such status could be expressed by introduction of legal concept of "security area" in every specific type of transport and by strengthening administrative and criminal liability for offences against transport facilities or «security areas».
5. To examine the conformity between international obligations of Russian Federation and its national legislation in the field of combating terrorist acts which threaten transport security, and to make necessary modifications and additions to the current legislation in the matter.
6. Concerned Committees of Federal Assembly Chambers and the Government of Russian Federation, as well as business associations, should work out law drafts aiming at road transport market regulation and carry out parliamentary hearings on road transport security issues in autumn 2002.

Government of Russian Federation

1. According to the Concept of national security in Russian Federation which claims protection of persons, society and state against terrorism (including international terrorism) as a major component of Russian national interests, the Government should work out and adopt a target program of combating terrorism and ensuring security transport facilities, which would integrate the efforts of the representatives of all power poles and law-enforcement departments concerned by security in transport, as well as of private security and investigation structures, business circles, research centres, public, media, and of all those concerned by prevention, suppression and revealing of terrorist acts and smuggling, wherever they may be committed.
2. Implementing and financing of anti-terrorism measures in transport should be specially underlined in the report on execution of the State programme of crime control in 1999 – 2001.
3. Due to increase in using "one day firms" in criminal activities the Government should complete legal persons' registration procedure by appropriate dispositions liable to combat this misuse.
4. In order to suppress and prevent illegal introduction (also with using transport vehicles) into Russia of weapons, ammunition, explosive substances, drugs etc. the Government should take immediate measures aiming at delimitation and demarcation of the national border along its full length and its subsequent fitting-out with necessary equipment.
5. In order to establish legal, organisational and economical procedures ensuring a necessary level of security for all types of dangerous goods transportation on Russian territory, the Ministry of transport, the Ministry of means of communication of Russian Federation should be charged, together with other federal executive structures concerned, to work out in 2002 a draft of Federal law concerning transportation of dangerous goods taking into account specific features of all types of transport as well as the necessity to take effective anti-terrorist measures.
6. To ensure security of transport of radioactive materials in Russian Federation:

• The Government should work out Regulations for interaction between concerned federal executive structures and territorial units of Russian Federation dealing with transportation of radioactive materials, on the basis of the legislation of Russian Federation in this area;
• The Government should work out a comprehensive interbranch Program with the aim to provide concerned companies and organisations with modern transport facilities and containers, to work out the regulatory and legal basis and engineering specifications complying with IAEA requirements for radioactive materials transport security, as well as to create sites for handling and transit storage of radioactive materials.

7. Due to increasing threat of terrorist attacks making use of air crafts and to necessity to reinforce the system of civil aircraft protection from illegal interfering with air transport facilities belonging to Russian Federation, the Government should work out legal regulations aiming at air transport security and providing interaction and co-ordination forms between federal executive structures concerned by measures of prevention, suppression and investigation of illegal interfering with civil air transport activities, and taking into account all provisions of the international conventions relating to air transport security.
8. The Government should provide its support to the program of fitting out of Russian airports, civil air transport companies and railway transport facilities in terms of equipment for maintaining security in transport. The Government should also examine the possibility to establish total inspection procedure for passengers and their luggage in 1st and 2nd class trains.
9. The Government should adopt more effective measures for implementing the provisions of Federal law on terrorism combating and of Regulations relating to federal system of protection of sea navigation against illegal acts likely to affect navigation security. The Government should work out and adopt as appendix to the specified Regulations a list of requirements relating to protection of sea navigation against illegal acts likely to affect its security.
10. The Government should generalise and distribute the feed-back of personnel training in the field of air and railway transport security, including the experience of antiterrorist actions organised by the Ministry of means of communication of Russian Federation. The Government should organise special training and updating of staff training. To do so it should work out a special training manual in order to master new technical means and methods of control necessary to implement security measures in transport, and include this manual in the programs of concerned training centres.

General Prosecutor's office of Russian Federation

To examine the procedure of applying laws to criminal acts such as false alarms of imminent terrorist threat in transport and other vital support facilities.

Representatives of scientific organisations and educational establishments

1. To essentially extend terms of reference of scientific researches dealing with problems of prevention, suppression and investigation of terrorist acts in transport.
2. To examine the experience of working out international measures of struggling against terrorism, the practice of special international organisations acting in the field of prevention of terrorist acts, the experience of international co-operation of law-enforcement structures in this area and to prepare the state-of-the-art review.
3. To carry out scientific researches, generalise law implementing practice and work out recommendations relating to prevention of criminal acts such as false alarms of imminent terrorist threat in transport and other vital support facilities.
4. To prepare for edition a glossary of principal terms and concepts relating to struggle against international terrorism and other extremist manifestations.
5. To take into account scientific developments by Russian research centre in railway transport sanitary matters (Ministry of means of communication) in the field of counter-measures against chemical, biological and radioactive terrorism on railway transport facilities with subsequent possibility of their application to all types of transport.

Representatives of business circles

1. They should work for deepening the co-operation between private and state sectors, each having its own information, which may prove to be useful to the other party to prevent or reveal terrorist acts and smuggling on transport facilities.
2. They should examine the possibility of participate in financing scientific researches and pilot developments relating to the security area, as well as in introducing these results into the practice of public and private structures and organisations concerned by struggling against terrorism and smuggling, and by ensuring security in transport.

Media

1. They should strengthen their role and responsibility in prevention of terrorist acts in transport, in moral condemnation of extremist acts, without inciting to enmity and discord in our multinational society. To support the initiative of the Union of journalists of Russia and to join in the discussion of Rules to be observed by journalists who write on terrorist acts and anti-terrorist operations, with the aim to establish a Code of antiterrorist ethics for journalists.
2. They should promote «professionally faultless behaviour» of media members, whose principal task should be to protect the interests of society, state and citizens, to be opposed to violence, confrontation, social, national and religious intolerance, to promote antiterrorist, anti-criminal consciousness in the population. To do so, they should establish professional competition of journalists writing on anti-terrorist operations and participating in promotion of antiterrorist and law-abiding conscience in the population.

The participants at the conference find it useful to continue to regularly examine the issues of comprehensive security dispositions on different types of transport within the framework of «round tables», seminars, meetings, and they make a unanimous decision to call a year later a second international conference dealing with this problem.

The participants express their confidence that this conference's work will attract attention of the representatives of authorities, scientific world, law-enforcement structures and special services, business circles, and media not only in Russia, but also in other countries interested in preventing and suppressing terrorism and smuggling in transport, in studying deep causes, nature and consequences of this evil and in resolute struggling against any of its manifestations.

We have the same enemy - terrorism; the same aim - to combat it; the same objective - co-operation !

Document only available in English and in Russian (Russian can be obtained on special request to the IRU Permanent Delegation in Moscow).

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